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Science

Scientists uncover the 2.3-billion-year-old secret that helped keep Earth habitable

Scientists may have solved a 2.3-billion-year-old mystery about how Earth maintained enough oxygen to support life. Ancient rocks reveal that phosphorus recycling in the oceans created a self-sustaining cycle that helped keep oxygen levels high, even as the planet underwent dramatic environmental changes. The discovery challenges assumptions about Earth's early atmosphere and raises new questions about why complex life took so long to emerge.

Science

Archaeologists may have finally solved a 100-year-old Florida mystery

Ancient pottery from Tampa Bay appears to have been made by migrant craftspeople who brought specialized Mississippian pottery-making knowledge hundreds of miles south. Remarkably, they even incorporated crushed fragments of older homeland pottery into new vessels, preserving a physical link to their past across generations.

Science

These medieval graves looked like family burials. DNA told a different story

Ancient DNA shows that adults and children buried together in medieval Sweden were often not members of the same immediate family, suggesting that burial choices reflected more than biological kinship. The research also revealed early gender-based burial customs and uncovered the remarkable story of a young woman who may have completed a pilgrimage across Europe.

World

Discovery of ancient wall could confirm origins of Paris

An ancient wall discovered in central Paris was hailed as a "major breakthrough" on Wednesday, as the archaeological find may have settled a long-standing debate about the location of the city's original settlement. A roughly 20-metre (66-foot) wall dating from the Gallo-Roman period was discovered in Paris this summer beneath a hospital on the Ile de la Cite, a stone's throw from Notre Dame Cathedral, the French culture ministry said.

Science

The Solar System chose fire over ice from the very beginning

Ancient iron meteorites reveal that some of the Solar System’s first solid bodies were built mostly from tiny heat-forged rock beads called chondrules, while water-rich dust was largely excluded. The finding pushes this selective planet-building process back to within the Solar System’s first million years.

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Health

Ancient DNA reveals how plague kept returning for 400 years after the Black Death

Ancient DNA reveals that plague repeatedly returned to Europe for more than 400 years after the Black Death, evolving into new lineages and spreading through trade, migration, and war. Researchers also developed a method to date ancient plague genomes more precisely, linking many of them to specific outbreaks recorded in historical sources.

World

Ukrainian children learn ancient warrior skills amid modern war

Ukrainian children are learning the skills of 17th-century Cossack warriors – the communities that played a central role in Ukraine history, known for their military skills and horsemanship. But for these students, it is more than a history lesson. It is a chance to escape the reality of growing up during war. Story by Charlotte Lam.